Property valuation of Whitefield Avenue, Savannah, GA: 9495, 9501, 9501, 9503, 9507, 9515, 9521, 9527, 9533, 9537 (tax assessments)
Other nearby streets: River Bluff Drive (1) 
River Bluff Drive (2)
Whitefield Avenue (1)
Whitefield Avenue (2)
Whitefield Road
River Bluff Drive (2)
Whitefield Avenue (1)
Whitefield Avenue (2)
Whitefield Road
Listed properties vs overall distribution of properties in Savannah, GA:
Advertisements
9495 Whitefield Avenue
Savannah, GA 31406-6946
Find on map >>
Owner: JAMES B PARSONS & BARBARA E PARSONS
Assessed land value: $84,300
Assessed building value: $79,500
Assessed extra features value: $1,200
Total value for property: $165,000
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 52,800 square feet
Building area: 1,499 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 3
Number of bathrooms: 2.0
Year property was built: 1977
Effective year built: 1990
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Composition Shingle; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Slab on Grade; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 8); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1)
Land use: Single Familyresidential
Extra features:
Savannah, GA 31406-6946
Find on map >>
Owner: JAMES B PARSONS & BARBARA E PARSONS
Assessed land value: $84,300
Assessed building value: $79,500
Assessed extra features value: $1,200
Total value for property: $165,000
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 52,800 square feet
Building area: 1,499 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 3
Number of bathrooms: 2.0
Year property was built: 1977
Effective year built: 1990
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Composition Shingle; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Slab on Grade; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 8); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1)
Land use: Single Familyresidential
Extra features:
- Description: Wood Deck Av
Actual year built: 1977
Market value: $400
- Description: Misc Build. Av
Actual year built: 1977
Market value: $800
9501 Whitefield Avenue
Savannah, GA
Find on map >>
Owner: STANLEY C SUDEROW
Assessed land value: $21,100
Assessed building value: $61,500
Assessed extra features value: $800
Total value for property: $83,400
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 15,656 square feet
Building area: 1,075 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 2
Number of bathrooms: 1.0
Year property was built: 1930
Effective year built: 1985
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Vinyl; Metal, Preformed; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Add for Plaster Interior; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 8); Slab Porch (175 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Single Familyresidential
Extra features:
Savannah, GA
Find on map >>
Owner: STANLEY C SUDEROW
Assessed land value: $21,100
Assessed building value: $61,500
Assessed extra features value: $800
Total value for property: $83,400
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 15,656 square feet
Building area: 1,075 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 2
Number of bathrooms: 1.0
Year property was built: 1930
Effective year built: 1985
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Vinyl; Metal, Preformed; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Add for Plaster Interior; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 8); Slab Porch (175 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Single Familyresidential
Extra features:
- Description: Wood Deck Av
Actual year built: 1965
Market value: $400
- Description: Misc Build. Av
Actual year built: 1985
Market value: $400
- Date: 01 Mar 1977
Price: $10,500
Vacant/improved: Improved
9501 Whitefield Avenue
Savannah, GA
Find on map >>
Owner: STANLEY CARL SUDEROW & MARGARE SUDEROW
Assessed land value: $64,000
Total value for property: $64,000
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 30,343 square feet
Land use: Residential Vacant Land
Sales:
Savannah, GA
Find on map >>
Owner: STANLEY CARL SUDEROW & MARGARE SUDEROW
Assessed land value: $64,000
Total value for property: $64,000
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 30,343 square feet
Land use: Residential Vacant Land
Sales:
- Date: 08 Feb 2000
Grantee: STANLEY C SUDEROW & MARG SUDEROW
Grantor: STANLEY C SUDEROW
Book/page: 215I/0362
Vacant/improved: Vacant
9503 Whitefield Avenue
Savannah, GA
Find on map >>
Owner: ANDOLINI LLC
Assessed land value: $163,000
Assessed building value: $36,500
Assessed extra features value: $4,400
Total value for property: $203,900
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 26,000 square feet
Building area: 640 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 2
Number of bathrooms: 1.0
Year property was built: 1920
Effective year built: 1990
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Metal, Preformed; Forced Air Furnace; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 5); Slab Porch (132 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Creek/Marsh Access
Extra features:
Savannah, GA
Find on map >>
Owner: ANDOLINI LLC
Assessed land value: $163,000
Assessed building value: $36,500
Assessed extra features value: $4,400
Total value for property: $203,900
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 26,000 square feet
Building area: 640 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 2
Number of bathrooms: 1.0
Year property was built: 1920
Effective year built: 1990
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Metal, Preformed; Forced Air Furnace; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 5); Slab Porch (132 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Creek/Marsh Access
Extra features:
- Description: Wood Deck Av
Actual year built: 1990
Market value: $500
- Description: Knee Wall /Gls/Slab
Actual year built: 1990
Market value: $3,500
- Description: Misc Build. Low
Actual year built: 1990
Market value: $400
- Date: 29 May 2009
Grantee: ANDOLINI LLC
Grantor: MICHAEL T KONCUL & Q SHELIA KONCUL
Book/page: 352G/505
Vacant/improved: Improved
- Date: 29 May 2009
Price: $205,000
Grantee: MICHAEL T KONCUL & Q SHELIA KONCUL
Grantor: PAUL F DAY
Book/page: 352G/489
Vacant/improved: Improved
- Date: 29 Jul 1993
Price: $60,000
Grantee: PAUL F DAY
Grantor: JOHN E BOAEN & JOAN A BOAEN
Book/page: 161K/0631
Vacant/improved: Improved
- Date: 01 Mar 1988
Price: $35,123
Vacant/improved: Improved
9507 Whitefield Avenue
Savannah, GA 31406-7407
Find on map >>
Owner: CHARLES E LAIR & DEBBIE LAIR
Assessed land value: $205,800
Assessed building value: $237,200
Assessed extra features value: $29,700
Total value for property: $472,700
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 36,000 square feet
Building area: 2,580 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 3
Number of bathrooms: 2.1
Year property was built: 2001
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Masonry Veneer
Style: 1 1/2 Story Finished
Notes: Demo of old home and constructed new home. 100% complete for ty 2002. Told owner about hs. 11/19/2001.ll
Features: Veneer, Masonry; Composition Shingle; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 12); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1); Single 1-Story Fireplace (#: 2); Slab Porch (84 square feet) with Roof; Frame, Siding, Wood; Composition Shingle; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 3); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1)
Land use: Creek/Marsh Access
Extra features:
Savannah, GA 31406-7407
Find on map >>
Owner: CHARLES E LAIR & DEBBIE LAIR
Assessed land value: $205,800
Assessed building value: $237,200
Assessed extra features value: $29,700
Total value for property: $472,700
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 36,000 square feet
Building area: 2,580 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 3
Number of bathrooms: 2.1
Year property was built: 2001
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Masonry Veneer
Style: 1 1/2 Story Finished
Notes: Demo of old home and constructed new home. 100% complete for ty 2002. Told owner about hs. 11/19/2001.ll
Features: Veneer, Masonry; Composition Shingle; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 12); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1); Single 1-Story Fireplace (#: 2); Slab Porch (84 square feet) with Roof; Frame, Siding, Wood; Composition Shingle; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 3); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1)
Land use: Creek/Marsh Access
Extra features:
- Description: Lw Cpt Gable Rf
Actual year built: 2001
Market value: $2,600
- Description: Av Cpt Flat/Shed Rf
Actual year built: 2001
Market value: $4,700
- Description: Solid Wall/Slab Av
Actual year built: 2001
Market value: $12,600
- Description: Wood Deck Av
Actual year built: 2001
Market value: $2,600
- Description: Misc Build. Av
Actual year built: 2001
Market value: $1,700
- Description: 2""decking /W Post,Pi
Actual year built: 1975
Market value: $4,700
- Description: 2""floating/W Post,Pi
Actual year built: 1975
Market value: $800
- Date: 11 Dec 2000
Price: $125,000
Grantee: CHARLES LAIR & DEBBIE LAIR
Grantor: MARTHA V FIELDS
Book/page: 217I-/674
Vacant/improved: Vacant
- Date: 19 Dec 1997
Grantee: MARTHA V FIELDS
Grantor: MILLARD FIELDS
Book/page: 190I-/468
Vacant/improved: Improved
9515 Whitefield Avenue
Savannah, GA 31406
Find on map >>
Owner: JOHN E PELLI & ANDERSON CHERYL PELLI
Assessed land value: $182,900
Assessed building value: $76,400
Assessed extra features value: $6,200
Total value for property: $265,500
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 32,000 square feet
Building area: 1,502 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 3
Number of bathrooms: 1.1
Year property was built: 1977
Effective year built: 1985
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Vinyl; Composition Shingle; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 7); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1); Single 1-Story Fireplace (#: 1); Slab Porch (32 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Creek/Marsh Access
Extra features:
Savannah, GA 31406
Find on map >>
Owner: JOHN E PELLI & ANDERSON CHERYL PELLI
Assessed land value: $182,900
Assessed building value: $76,400
Assessed extra features value: $6,200
Total value for property: $265,500
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 32,000 square feet
Building area: 1,502 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 3
Number of bathrooms: 1.1
Year property was built: 1977
Effective year built: 1985
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Vinyl; Composition Shingle; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 7); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1); Single 1-Story Fireplace (#: 1); Slab Porch (32 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Creek/Marsh Access
Extra features:
- Description: Av Det Gar Vinyl/Mt
Actual year built: 1977
Market value: $2,500
- Description: Wood Deck Av
Actual year built: 1977
Market value: $400
- Description: Roof Scr Por/Slab Av
Actual year built: 1977
Market value: $1,800
- Description: Av Cpt Gable Rf
Actual year built: 1977
Market value: $600
- Description: 2""floating/W Post,Pi
Actual year built: 1977
Market value: $900
- Date: 18 Feb 2011
Grantee: JOHN E PELLI & ANDERSON CHERYL PELLI
Grantor: JOHN E PELLI
Book/page: 368C/113
Vacant/improved: Improved
- Date: 01 Jan 1988
Price: $69,900
Vacant/improved: Improved
9521 Whitefield Avenue
Savannah, GA 31406-7407
Find on map >>
Owner: JOYCE BOGOT MURLLESS
Assessed land value: $262,900
Assessed building value: $86,900
Assessed extra features value: $4,400
Total value for property: $354,200
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 98,272 square feet
Building area: 1,704 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 3
Number of bathrooms: 2.0
Year property was built: 1930
Effective year built: 1985
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Metal, Preformed; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 8); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1); Slab Porch (120 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Single Familyresidential (53.19%), Creek/Marsh Access (46.81%)
Extra features:
Savannah, GA 31406-7407
Find on map >>
Owner: JOYCE BOGOT MURLLESS
Assessed land value: $262,900
Assessed building value: $86,900
Assessed extra features value: $4,400
Total value for property: $354,200
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 98,272 square feet
Building area: 1,704 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 3
Number of bathrooms: 2.0
Year property was built: 1930
Effective year built: 1985
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Metal, Preformed; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 8); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1); Slab Porch (120 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Single Familyresidential (53.19%), Creek/Marsh Access (46.81%)
Extra features:
- Description: Solid Wall/Slab Av
Actual year built: 1975
Market value: $4,000
- Description: Misc Build. Low
Actual year built: 1975
Market value: $400
- Date: 27 May 1993
Grantee: JOYCE BOGOT MURLLESS
Grantor: RICHARD S MURLLESS
Book/page: 160K/0249
Vacant/improved: Improved
9527 Whitefield Avenue
Savannah, GA 31406-7407
Find on map >>
Owner: WILLIAM STRICKLAND
Assessed land value: $209,000
Assessed building value: $60,500
Assessed extra features value: $13,100
Total value for property: $282,600
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 38,232 square feet
Building area: 1,187 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 2
Number of bathrooms: 1.1
Year property was built: 1931
Effective year built: 1985
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Notes: Dogs!
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Composition Shingle; Forced Air Furnace; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 7); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1)
Land use: Creek/Marsh Access
Extra features:
Savannah, GA 31406-7407
Find on map >>
Owner: WILLIAM STRICKLAND
Assessed land value: $209,000
Assessed building value: $60,500
Assessed extra features value: $13,100
Total value for property: $282,600
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 38,232 square feet
Building area: 1,187 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 2
Number of bathrooms: 1.1
Year property was built: 1931
Effective year built: 1985
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Notes: Dogs!
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Composition Shingle; Forced Air Furnace; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 7); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1)
Land use: Creek/Marsh Access
Extra features:
- Description: Lw Det Gar Sid
Actual year built: 1980
Market value: $3,600
- Description: Misc Build. Av
Actual year built: 2006
Market value: $9,500
- Date: 28 Nov 2005
Price: $250,000
Grantee: WILLIAM STRICKLAND
Grantor: PAULA D REYNOLDS
Book/page: 298F/0736
Vacant/improved: Improved
- Date: 06 Oct 2004
Price: $180,000
Grantee: PAULA D REYNOLDS
Grantor: LEHMAN M MINCEY & RENEE C MINCEY
Book/page: 277J/0101
Vacant/improved: Improved
- Date: 23 May 2002
Price: $136,000
Grantee: LEHMAN M MINCEY & RENEE C MINCEY
Grantor: GERALDINE A BROWN PENTON
Book/page: 235Y/0703
Vacant/improved: Improved
9533 Whitefield Avenue
Savannah, GA 31406-7407
Find on map >>
Owner: BONNIE WWHITE MACAULAY & KEVIN MACAULAY
Assessed land value: $213,700
Assessed building value: $64,800
Assessed extra features value: $1,800
Total value for property: $280,300
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 35,000 square feet
Building area: 1,632 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 3
Number of bathrooms: 2.0
Year property was built: 1920
Effective year built: 1975
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Composition Shingle; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 8); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1); Single 1-Story Fireplace (#: 1); Slab Porch (128 square feet) with Roof; Slab Porch (120 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Creek/Marsh Access
Extra features:
Savannah, GA 31406-7407
Find on map >>
Owner: BONNIE WWHITE MACAULAY & KEVIN MACAULAY
Assessed land value: $213,700
Assessed building value: $64,800
Assessed extra features value: $1,800
Total value for property: $280,300
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 35,000 square feet
Building area: 1,632 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 3
Number of bathrooms: 2.0
Year property was built: 1920
Effective year built: 1975
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Composition Shingle; Warmed & Cooled Air; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 8); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1); Single 1-Story Fireplace (#: 1); Slab Porch (128 square feet) with Roof; Slab Porch (120 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Creek/Marsh Access
Extra features:
- Description: Lw Det Gar Sid
Actual year built: 1975
Market value: $1,800
- Date: 04 Sep 1996
Grantee: BONNIE W MACCAULAY & KEVI MACCAULAY
Grantor: BONNIE W MACCAULAY
Book/page: 181D/0144
Vacant/improved: Improved
- Date: 20 Aug 1996
Grantee: BONNIE WHITE MCCAULEY
Grantor: MARGURITE MCCAULEY
Book/page: 180W/0027
Vacant/improved: Improved
9537 Whitefield Avenue
Savannah, GA
Find on map >>
Owner: AMELIA LAURA MANLEY
Assessed land value: $85,500
Assessed building value: $23,800
Assessed extra features value: $1,900
Total value for property: $111,200
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 14,000 square feet
Building area: 1,028 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 2
Number of bathrooms: 1.0
Year property was built: 1920
Effective year built: 1970
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Composition Shingle; Forced Air Furnace; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 5); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1); Slab Porch (150 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Single Familyresidential
Extra features:
Savannah, GA
Find on map >>
Owner: AMELIA LAURA MANLEY
Assessed land value: $85,500
Assessed building value: $23,800
Assessed extra features value: $1,900
Total value for property: $111,200
Assessments for tax year: 2012
Property class: Residential
Land size: 14,000 square feet
Building area: 1,028 square feet
Number of bedrooms: 2
Number of bathrooms: 1.0
Year property was built: 1920
Effective year built: 1970
Building construction type: Residential
Building type: Single-family Residence
Frame: Stud Frame
Style: One Story
Features: Frame, Siding, Wood; Composition Shingle; Forced Air Furnace; Automatic Floor Cover Allowance; Raised Subfloor; Plumbing Fixtures (#: 5); Plumbing Rough-ins (#: 1); Slab Porch (150 square feet) with Roof
Land use: Single Familyresidential
Extra features:
- Description: Roof Scr Por/Slab Av
Actual year built: 1965
Market value: $1,500
- Description: Misc Build. Av
Actual year built: 1975
Market value: $400
- Date: 08 Aug 2011
Price: $64,000
Grantee: AMELIA LAURA MANLEY
Grantor: MARY N ESTILL ESTATE
Book/page: 371N/280
Vacant/improved: Improved
- Date: 03 Feb 2003
Grantee: MARY N ESTILL ESTATE
Grantor: WILLIAM JILL EST
Book/page: 246M/0647
Vacant/improved: Improved
Other nearby streets: River Bluff Drive (1)
River Bluff Drive (2)
Whitefield Avenue (1)
Whitefield Avenue (2)
Whitefield Road
River Bluff Drive (2)
Whitefield Avenue (1)
Whitefield Avenue (2)
Whitefield Road
Recent posts about Savannah, Georgia on our local forum with over 2,400,000 registered users. Savannah is mentioned 17,581 times on our forum:
 | Savannah Mall Auction (9 replies) |
| Where to invest/retire near Savannah (10 replies) |
| Savannah development news (634 replies) |
| Savannah convention center to double in size (45 replies) |
| Savannah Harbor-New mixed-use community unveiled for Hutchinson Island (13 replies) |
| relocating to savannah, ga (43 replies) |
Settings
X
Recently Added Photos
Savannah, GA
Savannah, GA
Savannah, GA
Savannah, GA
Savannah, GA
Savannah, GA
Savannah, GA
Stone Mountain, GA
Stone Mountain, GA
Stone Mountain, GA
Stone Mountain, GA
Stone Mountain, GA
Request disassociating your name from street-level assessment address
Recent home sales, price trends, and home value evaluator powered by Onboard Informatics
© 2024 Onboard Informatics. Information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed.
© 2024 Onboard Informatics. Information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed.
Some parts © 2024 Advameg, Inc.
Compilation, repackaging, or reproduction prohibited. Users are forewarned that it is incumbent upon them to verify information with the responsible state agency. Advameg, Inc. does not guarantee the data presented is up-to-date nor does it assume responsibility for updating it. Therefore any names, owners or addresses may have changed. Use of any information published here to contact the persons might be prohibited by the law.