The largest single source of state revenue is the income tax on individuals. Most local tax revenue comes from property taxes, and most of that goes for education. Personal income tax rates on net taxable income ranges from 4.77% to 6.77%. The corporate tax rate is 7.9% of net income. The general sales tax is 5%. Other state taxes are those on gasoline, cigarettes, liquor, wine, beer, motor vehicles, insurance companies, estates (limited to the amount of credit allowed under the federal estate tax), real estate transfers, and public utilities.
The state collected $11.814 billion in taxes in 2002, of which 42.1% came from individual income taxes, 31.3% came from the general sales tax, 14.7% from selective sales taxes, 5.5% from license fees, and 4.4% from corporate income taxes. In 2003, Michigan ranked 7th among the states in terms of state and local tax burden, which amounted to about 10.7% of income.
The following table from the US Census Bureau provides a summary of taxes collected by the state in 2002.
($000) | PER CAPITA | |
Total Taxes | 11,813,832 | 2,171.18 |
Property taxes | 91,703 | 16.85 |
Sales and gross receipts | 5,427,664 | 997.51 |
General sales and gross receipts | 3,695,796 | 679.22 |
Selective sales taxes | 1,731,868 | 318.29 |
Alcoholic beverage | 45,581 | 8.38 |
Amusements | 385 | 0.07 |
Insurance Premiums | 107,352 | 19.73 |
Motor fuels | 955,404 | 175.59 |
Pari-mutuels | 2,104 | 0.39 |
Public utilities | 314,769 | 57.85 |
Tobacco products | 302,701 | 55.63 |
Other selective sales | 3,572 | 0.66 |
Licenses | 650,971 | 119.64 |
Alcoholic beverages | 490 | 0.09 |
Amusements | 566 | 0.1 |
Corporation | 12,247 | 2.25 |
Hunting and fishing | 58,683 | 10.78 |
Motor vehicle | 312,993 | 57.52 |
Motor vehicle operators | 33,388 | 6.14 |
Public utility | (X) | (X) |
($000) | PER CAPITA | |
Licenses (continued) | ||
Occupation and business, NEC | 230,470 | 42.36 |
Other | 2,134 | 0.39 |
Other taxes | 5,643,494 | 1,037.18 |
Individual income | 4,973,615 | 914.07 |
Corporation net income | 521,584 | 95.86 |
Death and gift | 82,635 | 15.19 |
Documentary and stock transfer | 51,176 | 9.41 |
Severance | 3,460 | 0.64 |
Other | 11,024 | 2.03 |